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Moldova has a well established wine industry. It has a vineyard area of 147,000 hectares (ha), of which 102,500 ha are in commercial production. Most of the country's wine production is for export. Many families have their own recipes and strands of grapes that have been passed on through generations. Grapes are indigenous to Moldova’s territoir. The imprints of Vitis teutonica vine leaves near the Naslavcia village in the north of Moldova, prove that grapes have grown here approximately 6 to 25 million years ago. The size of the grape seed imprints found near the Varvarovca village and which date to 2800 BC, prove that at that time the grapes were already cultivated. The grape growing and winemaking in the area between the Nistru and Prut rivers began 4000-5000 years ago. At the end of the 3rd century BC, links between the local population and the Greeks were established and beginning with 107 with the Romans, a fact which influenced a lot the intense development of the grape growing and winemaking. After the formation of the Moldovan feudal state in the 14th century the grape growing began to develop and has flourished in the 15th century during the kingdom of Stefan cel Mare, who was promoting the import of planting material of high quality varieties from other counties and the improvement of the quality of the wine. Wine was one of the chief exports of Moldova throughout the medieval period, especially to Poland, Ukraine and Russia.
Local grape varieties: Only a few local varieties can still be found in Moldova today: Feteasca Albă: White indigenous white variety. Makes crisp, fresh white wines with fine floral aromas. Feteasca Regală: White. A natural cross between Feteasca Albă and Furmint. Rara Neagră: Indigenous red variety. In Romania it is called Băbească Neagră. Makes dark colored, full bodied red wines with fine red fruit aromas.
Cellars The Moldovan wine collection "Mileştii Mici", having 1.5 million bottles is the largest in Europe, according to the Guinness Book. It stretches for 200 km, of which only 50 km are currently in use.
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